Adrenaline (also called epinephrine) is a hormone and neurotransmitter produced by the adrenal glands, located above your kidneys. It plays a crucial role in the 'fight or flight' response, which is the body's way of preparing to face danger or stress. When you're scared, excited, or faced with a challenging situation, your body releases adrenaline. This causes your heart to beat faster, your breathing to speed up, and more energy to be available to your muscles—a boost to help you react quickly.
Example: If a dog suddenly barks at you, your body quickly releases adrenaline. You might feel your heart racing, you become more alert, and you are ready to run or defend yourself.
Key functions of adrenaline:
- Increases heart rate
- Expands air passages in the lungs
- Enlarges pupils
- Redirects blood to muscles
- Provides extra energy
Adrenaline is often used medically to treat severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) because it can quickly open airways and improve breathing. In daily life, adrenaline helps you react quickly in emergencies and motivates you during exciting moments—like when playing a sport.
